Hosted gem redirect ignores Bundler's `mirror.all` setting, so the next `bundle install` fetches the redirected gem's upstream bytes from the mirror while the in-run VEX attests `not_affected`

[mikolalysenko]

[agent] Found by the scheduled Bundler (RubyGems) bug-hunt routine (ledger #316).

Summary

Bundler's mirror.all setting (bundle config set --local mirror.all <url>, BUNDLE_MIRROR__ALL: "<url>" in .bundle/config, or the BUNDLE_MIRROR__ALL env var) sends every source to one mirror. That includes the source "<patch registry>" do … end block the hosted rewrite writes (Bundler::Settings::Mirrors#for returns @all for any URI; see bundler/mirror.rb). Corporate setups often point it at an Artifactory or Nexus rubygems proxy. Such a mirror serves the upstream vuln-gem-1.0.0.gem for the patch-registry source, because it has the same name and version.

scan --mode hosted / get --mode hosted never read mirror settings. A project whose committed .bundle/config sets mirror.all gets the redirect written, redirected: 1, and an in-run VEX not_affected, with no warning. Then:

• Lock with no CHECKSUMS (every Bundler < 2.6 lock, and the 2.6 / 2.7 default): the next bundle install exits 0 and installs the unpatched upstream bytes. The lock now records the patch registry as the gem's remote:, so the checkout looks patched. bundle exec loads the vulnerable code, and a frozen reinstall also exits 0.
• CHECKSUMS lock (Bundler 2.6+ with checksums, the 4.x default): every bundle install fails with exit 37, "Bundler found mismatched checksums". Bundler's own printed remedy is "remove the matching checksum … run bundle install", which leads straight to the unpatched install above.

The post-install standalone vex hash-verifies the tree and correctly omits the gem (not_applied). The false attestation comes from the same-run --vex, and the scan surfaces nothing about the mirror.

Impact

Silent loss of the security patch on a CHECKSUMS-less lock, while the scan output, the committed Gemfile and lock, and the same-run VEX all say it's patched. On CHECKSUMS locks it breaks installs, and the obvious fix reinstalls the vulnerable gem. This is the same class as #483 (cache_path) and #507 / #390 (BUNDLE_GEMFILE): a setting in the project's own .bundle/config, which the hosted engine already reads, defeats the redirect.

Repro

The sandbox can't reach the patch API, so this uses the repo's hosted capstone crates/socket-patch-cli/tests/e2e_redirect_gem_build.rs (real gem build, wiremock compact index for /upstream/ and the patch registry, and real bundle install). The only change is a temporary hook in redirect_scanned_project, placed just before the scan --mode hosted --vex call:

// before the scan: commit a mirror for every source, pointing at the upstream index
let m = format!("{}/upstream/", server.uri());
bundle(&proj, &["config", "set", "--local", "mirror.all", &m]);

Then, in gem_hosted_fresh_checkout_bundle_install_installs_patched_bytes_and_vex_verifies, do a fresh checkout (Gemfile, lock, .socket/, .bundle/), then bundle install, then bundle exec ruby -e 'require "vuln_gem"; puts VulnGem.status':

BUNDLER_VERSION=2.5.22 SOCKET_PATCH_BUNDLER_E2E_VERSION=2.5.22 \
  cargo test --release -p socket-patch-cli --test e2e_redirect_gem_build \
  gem_hosted_fresh_checkout_bundle_install_installs_patched_bytes_and_vex_verifies -- --ignored --nocapture

Output (Bundler 2.5.22):

scan: exit 0, redirect.redirected=1, warnings: redirect_gem_no_checksums_section, redirect_gem_frozen_install (nothing about the mirror)
in-run out.vex.json: pkg:gem/vuln-gem@1.0.0 "status": "not_affected" (redirected)
bundle install: exit 0
  Fetching gem metadata from http://127.0.0.1:44827/upstream/..
  Fetching vuln-gem 1.0.0 / Installing vuln-gem 1.0.0
Gemfile.lock after install:
  GEM
    remote: http://127.0.0.1:44827/patch-registry/gem/<token>/<uuid>/
    specs:
      vuln-gem (1.0.0)
  DEPENDENCIES
    vuln-gem (= 1.0.0)!
installed lib/vuln_gem.rb == patched bytes: false
bundle exec … VulnGem.status => VULNERABLE
BUNDLE_FROZEN=true bundle install: exit 0
standalone vex: omits vuln-gem (not_applied), exit 1

CHECKSUMS arm (the same hook with the fixture's checksums_lock = true, Bundler 4.0.17 and 2.6.9):

bundle install: exit 37
Bundler found mismatched checksums. This is a potential security risk.
vuln-gem (1.0.0) sha256=5d10a0… from the lockfile CHECKSUMS at Gemfile.lock:22:20
vuln-gem (1.0.0) sha256=f8a737… from the API at http://127.0.0.1:41757/upstream/
… you can: 1. remove the matching checksum in Gemfile.lock:22:20  2. run `bundle install`

Real-world shape: bundle config set --local mirror.all https://artifactory.example/api/gems/rubygems/, commit .bundle/config, run socket-patch scan --mode hosted --vex …, then bundle install.

Expected vs actual

• Expected: docs/ecosystems.md says the hosted gem mode wires a per-dep source block, so bundle install fetches the patched gem from the Socket patch registry. CLI_CONTRACT.md's "Gem stale-install guard" says the same-run --vex "must never attest a CVE its own warning says is live". When the project's bundler config routes the patch-registry source elsewhere (mirror.all, or a mirror.<patch-registry-url> key), the run should refuse or warn, for example redirect_gem_mirror_overrides_source with the remedy (scope the mirror to mirror.https://rubygems.org, or unset mirror.all). It should also exclude that gem from the same-run VEX, as it already does for redirect_gem_bundle_gemfile_unsupported and stale installs. A BUNDLE_MIRROR__ALL set only in CI can't be seen at scan time, so that limitation belongs in the docs.
• Actual: no warning, redirected: 1, and in-run VEX not_affected. The next install is silently unpatched (no CHECKSUMS), or fails with exit 37 and a remedy that leads to the unpatched install (CHECKSUMS).

OS × version

OS	Ruby	Bundler	Lock	Result
Linux	3.3.6	2.4.22	no CHECKSUMS	reproduces: unpatched install, exit 0
Linux	3.3.6	2.5.22	no CHECKSUMS	reproduces (×2)
Linux	3.3.6	4.0.17	no CHECKSUMS	reproduces (×2)
Linux	3.3.6	2.6.9	CHECKSUMS	install fails, exit 37 (no scan warning; in-run VEX not_affected)
Linux	3.3.6	4.0.17	CHECKSUMS	install fails, exit 37 (same)
macOS / Windows	any	any	any	not run; the setting is read from the same .bundle/config and the env, so this is OS-independent

First bad version: not bisected. Mirror settings have never been read anywhere in crates/ (grep -ri mirror finds no Bundler handling), so this has been present since the hosted gem mode shipped.

Suspect code

• crates/socket-patch-core/src/hosted/engine.rs:532 (keep_bundler_loaded_gem_files) reads the project's bundler config only for BUNDLE_GEMFILE. That's the natural place to also detect BUNDLE_MIRROR__ALL (and a BUNDLE_MIRROR__<patch-registry host> key) from the app config and the env, honoring BUNDLE_IGNORE_CONFIG.
• crates/socket-patch-core/src/crawlers/ruby_crawler.rs:1169 (bundle_config_setting) is the existing flat-YAML reader to reuse.
• crates/socket-patch-core/src/patch/redirect/mod.rs:5405 (rewrite_gem) is where the source block is written.

No probe runs: the reproduction is Linux-only because the defect is in config reading, not in platform paths.

[mikolalysenko]

[agent] Triaged: priority:p1 (Bundler). Same class as #483 / #507 (a project bundler setting defeating the redirect) but a distinct setting with no existing handling; #621 (global config tier, #577) is adjacent but does not read mirror keys. No open or merged PR addresses it yet.

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[mikolalysenko]

[agent] Claiming this issue (shared root cause: the hosted gem intake never reads Bundler's mirror settings, so a mirror that captures the patch-registry source is not detected). Branch: agent/fix-gem-mirror-overrides-source. Claim-ID: 2026-10-03T11:21:12Z-11ac77

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Generated by Claude Code

[mikolalysenko]

[agent] Draft fix PR: #684

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